De tweede tempel staat in Fuqing. Daar vond ik dit over op een Chinese site:
福建福清南少林寺相传始建于唐代，与黄檗文化、石竹山梦文化并称“福清三大文化瑰宝”。 经多方查证，文史工作者于1993年6月4日在福清东张镇少林村找到了南少林寺遗址，引起国内外广泛关注。1997年，高参法师的大弟子郑树祥，以少华山国术顾问的身份发起组织的10人考察团，前往福清见证南少林寺遗址。并在1988年筹组重建福清南少林寺新加坡委员会。1998年12月4日，福清南少林寺经批准开始动工重建后至今，星洲少华山国术健身社与福清南少林寺往来交流频繁不绝。
Er wordt gezegd dat de Shaolin-tempel in Zuid-Fuqing, in de provincie Fujian, werd gebouwd tijdens de Tang-dynastie. Het staat ook bekend als de “Drie Culturele Schatten van Fuqing”, samen met de Huangbo-cultuur en de Shizhushan-droomcultuur. Na meerdere verificaties ontdekten culturele en historische werkers op 4 juni 1993 de ruïnes van de Zuidelijke Shaolin-tempel in Shaolin Village, Dongzhang Town, Fuqing, die brede aandacht trok in binnen- en buitenland. In 1997 organiseerde Zheng Shuxiang, de oudste discipel van Meester Gao Shen, een inspectieteam van 10 leden als adviseur van Singapore Sao Hua San National Martial Arts om naar Fuqing te gaan om getuige te zijn van de ruïnes van de Zuidelijke Shaolin Tempel. In 1988 organiseerde hij het Singapore Committee om de Fuqing South Shaolin-tempel te herbouwen. Op 4 december 1998 werd de Fuqing South Shaolin-tempel goedgekeurd om te beginnen met de bouw en wederopbouw. Sindsdien hebben de Singapore Sao Hua San National Martial Arts en de Fuqing South Shaolin-tempel regelmatig uitwisselingen gehad.
Ik ben er zelf nooit geweest maar heb wel wat plaatjes welke ik zo’n 20 jaar geleden vond op het internet. Welk soort kungfu daar momenteel getraind wordt is mij niet duidelijk; mogelijk het kungfu welke daar terecht is gekomen na uitwisseling met Sao Hua San.
Introduction, from the book: The Riddle of Southern Shaolin (Translated from Shaolin Fang Gu, by Wen Yu Chen ISBN:7-5306-2830-5)
Fujian Province’s Fuqing County has had a Shaolin Yuan ever since Song times. After the Southern Song capitulated to the Yuan, a Quanzhou native Liang Ke Jia revised the ‘Three Mountain Record’ in 1182. Volume 36 is called ‘Fuqing County Temples’. Within this volume is a small section, ‘The Dong Lin Temple in Xin Ning area ‘the same area as the Shao Lin Yuan’. The Ming dynastyscholar, Putian native Huang Zhong Zhao edited the ‘Records of the Min Area’ in around 1499, and this also records that there are eight temples in the Xin Ning area of Fuqing County: Fang Dong, Dong Lin, Hou Tang, Long Xi, Zhao Fu, Long Ju, Shaolin and Da Xu.
Among these temples, the first to be built was the Fang Dong with construction beginning in 569. The Dong Lin temple was built sometime between 1086 and 1094. Hou Tang was built in 1117. However the other five temple’s construction dates weren’t recorded. On June 4, 1993 the Fuqing government’s Chen Hua Guang, Xu Chang Tong, and Yu Da Zhu found the remains of this aforementioned Shaolin in the Shaolin district of Dong Zhang township. The proof comes in two forms. First, the southern face of the Xia Yang bridge is inscribed ‘Shaolin Yuan’s Sha Men’ encouraged everyone to contribute merit and himself donated a bridge. Ju Fang De donated money because of Sha Men’s encouragement. The monks Xian Xi and Xian Gan each donated 400 Y.
On the north face is inscribed the time of construction, and a commemoration of Sha Men’s speech. The bridge is about 300 meters from Shaolin Yuan. Another piece of evidence is a large stone stele on which is inscribed ‘Yue Xiu, a monk on this mountain set this stone in the twelfth month of the fourth year of Da Guan’s reign.‘Monk on this mountain’ (dang shan seng) is most often preceded by ‘Shaolin’.
Fujian Provincial government and Fuzhou City archeological teams excavated the site in July and August of 1995 and March through October of 1996
The excavations uncovered a site of over 5000 square meters, currently the largest temple found within China. The archaeologists report found four strata: Northern Song, Southern Song, Ming/Qing and nearly modern. There seem to be strata below the Northern Song level, however it has yet to excavated. All the levels excavated have temple remnants in them. On more than 20 pottery shards that came from the site, writing was found on the bottom. The writings say ‘for Shaolin Yuan Use’ (1 piece), ‘Shaolin’ (7 pieces), ‘Shaolin ‘gong si’’ (2 pieces, probably a contraction of Shaolin Yuan Monk ‘gong si’. The importance being that a county’s head monk was titled ‘gong si’, a practice that began in the Northern Song), ‘Shaolin residence’ (1 piece) and several having ‘rice’,‘king,‘dragon builder’, and other characters.
These shards found over several strata prove that it is the site of the Shaolin Yuan. The archaeologists also point out that the location on the mountain, the size and orientation of the complex are all very similar to the Deng Feng (Northern) Shaolin temple. The Shaolin Yuan is in the northeastern corner of Fuqing county, at the intersection of three counties: Fuqing, Putian, and
Yong Tai. The area is especially beautiful with warm breezes and rich vegetation, a perfect place for Chan (Zen) reflection. From the site, directly east is Fuqing bay, and to the south is Xing Hua bay, which makes going to sea very convenient too. Indeed, one can easily say that it is the reflection of ‘Outside of Zen, soldierly things are discussed’ (A saying of the Northern Shaolin.)
On Nov. 21, 1997 I ( Wen Yu Chen, writer) visited the site with Fuzhou City’s Cultural Bureau Chief Zeng Yi Dan and archeological team lead Lin Guo, who carefully explained the findings and gave me a copy of the newly published ‘Fuqing Shaolin Temple’. Still, it isn’t clear when the temple was built, or what its connection to the Deng Feng (Northern) Shaolin Temple might be.
According to what is known at this point, during the Southern Song to the Yuan Dynasties, the Shaolin Yuan taught ‘Yang Qi’ Chan (Zen). A chart by Qing Zhe Ji shows that Yuan Wu Ke Qing (1063 – 1135) taught both Ta Hui Zhong XX (1089 – 1163) and Hu Qiu Shao Long (1078 – 1136). Ta Hui’s lineage includes on the one hand a series of unknown pupils leading to Ji Zhao and Wo An Ben Wu (1286-1343) and on the other Zhuo An De Guang (1121-1203), and Shaolin Miao Song, who later taught Yu Gu Yuan Zhi (1196 – 1266).
As for Hui Qiu’s lineage, he taught Ying An Xian Hua (1103- 1163) who transmitted the Law to Mi An Xian Jie (1118 – 1186) who, in turn had two pupils, Gu Chan Zi Jing and Tie Bian Yun Shao. Zi Jing was also involved in transmitting Zen to Yu Rong Yuan Zhi. Chong Zhao taught Shaolin De Cheng (1203-1254).
The importance of this is that in both the lineage of Da Hui (a.k.a. Miao Xi), as well as Hu Qiu’s later generation Shaolin Yuan disciples are to be found: Shaolin De Cheng and Shaolin Miao Song. Miao Song (a.k.a. Fo Xing) was known as Shaolin Miao Song because he resided in Shaolin Yuan. He was the 29th abbot of Hangzhou northern mountains Miao Ji Temple and also the 29th abbot of Hangzhou southern mountains Jing Xuan Temple. He wrote a ten volume ‘Transmissions of Shaolin Master Miao Song’, but it has been lost. Records of Master Ji Zhao can be found in the ‘Ben Wu’ volume of ‘History of Ming dynasty Advanced Monks’. From this work, we learn that Ji Zhao is Da Hui’s fifth generation disciple and that he is a monk of the Shaolin and Da Ban order.
Gu Chan Zi Jing, Tie Bian Yun Shao, and Shaolin De Cheng are all Fuqing natives. De Cheng was a Shaolin Yuan monk and this is confirmed by a well-known Southern Song writer Liu Ke Zhuang (1187 – 1296). In volume 159 of his notes ‘Complete Collection of a backwater man’, there is an essay that introduces two of his ‘outside friends’— Masters Shaolin De Cheng and Jiu Zuo Zu Ri.
From Liu’s works, De Cheng’s life can be roughly worked out as follows: 1203, born into the Zheng family of Fuqing County. In 1217, became a monk at 15 and was given the Buddhist name of De Qing. His teacher was Tie Bian Yun Shao. He probably ‘left home’ (became a monk) at Shaolin Yuan. In any case, he studied Chan (Zen) in Shaolin Yuan and Ding Zhou for about 22 years. 1242-1244 Lived in Cao An. 1245 – 1247, Lived in Weng Chi An. 1248 – 1254 lived in Hangzhou’s Jing Xuan temple.
These Shaolin Yuan monks all lived around the end of the twelfth century and into the end of the thirteenth, which is to say from the Southern Song dynasty Guang Chong years to the end of the Southern Song. In the North, this equates to the Jin dynasty Zhang Chong years to the beginning of the Yuan dynasty. At the same time in the Deng Feng (Northern) Shaolin Temple, the monks were members of the ‘Lan Qi’ sect and didn’t change to the ‘Cao Dong’ sect until after 1220.
The gate mentioned earlier with its ‘monk on this mountain’ was built in 1110 and the fact that the words ‘Shaolin Yuan’ weren’t inscribed is a hint that it wasn’t called that during those Northern Song times. If the Lan Qi sect followers of Deng Feng Shaolin had come south, it would have had to between 1161 and 1220. Perhaps the Yang Qi style (of Zen) is of the Lan Qi sect. Abbot Fu Rong built the Deng Feng Shaolin’s Zi Xue Pavilion between 1248 and 1254 and within it is the ‘word naming chart’. Moreover, the De Cheng of the Fuqing Shaolin, disciple of Ji Zhao ‘s ‘De’ is the 21st generation, while ‘Xu’ is the 26th.
It is impossible for the teacher to be after the student. Also, the words ‘Xian, ‘Ying,’Yuan’, etc of other Shaolin Yuan monks they don’t show up on the Deng Feng naming list. This goes further to show that even after the Yuan dynasty the Northern and Southern Shaolin temples developed alone. Some other reasons include that the Deng Feng temple had already changed to the Cao Dong sect and the southern-Song Fuqing temple’s inhabitants did not accept Mongolian Yuan dynasty rule, and didn’t recognize the abbot of Deng Feng Shaolin.
The Deng Feng temple has a large iron bell that was cast on October 25, 1336. The bell’s inscription includes those temples that were under Shaolin’s administration, a total of 23 temples. All of them are in the Henan area. Another Shaolin temple, near Beijing at Panshan, is also not on the list. Of course, individual monks may have made visits, but there are no examples recorded in the evidence.
In the Ming dynasty’s Jia Jing years, the Shaolin ‘martial monks’ were called out to fight coastal pirates. Their example of chivalry and bravery must have had a large impact on the coastal people. With the renown of the pirates being fought in the region for over 10 years, the Fujian people must have been especially impressed. Fuqing’s Shaolin Temple monks must have gotten a lot of encouragement. Then, during the early Qing dynasty when the triads were organized the call to ‘overthrow the Qing and return the Ming’ was heard. The Shaolin martial monk’s earlier loyalty to the Ming was deliberately used as an example to rally involvement in a strategic war and encourage boldness. Moreover, there’s a rich tradition that Fuqing Shaolin monks joined the triads. It is clear that the discovery of the Fuqing temple has given this theory new evidence and advanced it toward verity
Meeste van de foto’s hierboven hebben betrekking op de tekst beneden.
Following information derived from a Chinese site located in Singapore:
“All the Kung Fu under heaven come from Shaolin”. There are parts of Shaolin, one is ‘Nan’ (South) and the other is ‘Bei’ (North). The Bei Shaolin temple was built in 490, in Songshan, Henan province. The Nan Shaolin temple was set up in 629, but until present day was nowhere to be found. It disappeared a long time ago and almost nobody can find anything about it.
In the past century, Chinese scholars worked hard and eventually they found the ruins of Nan Shaolin town in Dongzhang village of Fuqing in June 1993. The archaeologists did a lot of research in the ground and found many things; they concluded that Fuqing was the right place they were looking for. They started working in 1995.
Many historical records show that the temple was in Fuqing.
We can see the truth from the historical records. After a lot of research work, the following reliable evidence is available:
One: The famous modern work “Recipe of Shaolin Boxing” (published in 1915, by Zun Wozhai) says: ‘There are two Shaolin in our country: one is in Zhengzhou the other is in the center of Fujian’.(chapter 10)
Fuqing is situated in central Fujian. In ancient times, ‘central Fujian’, i.e. ‘Min Zhong’ is a special name for the area. Tang Hao, a modern martial artist pointed out in one of his works that “the Shaolin which is mentioned in “Recipe of Shaolin Boxing” is the Fuzhou Shaolin”. The scholar of Qing Dynasty, Zeng Gong said in his work “Do Shan Ting Jia”: Fuzhou is located in the center of Fujian, so we call the place ‘Min Zhong”. Fuqing was controlled by Fuzou from Tang Dynasty on, until the ‘liberation’. In the past some scholars thought Fujian Shaolin temple was just a legend, because there was no evidence. From the above one can say that in central Fujian one can find the ruins of Shaolin temple.
Two: Liang Kejia, one of the number one scholars from the Song Dynasty said in his works: “Shaolin temples was in Fuqing”.
Three: Huang Zhengzhao, one of the palace graduates, mentioned that Shaolin temple was in Fuqing in one of his works. That is, Shaolin was located in Xinningli of Fuqing.
Four:A book written by Yebo and Zhang Mengjing in the Ming Dynasty, also mentions the Shaolin temple on page 21.
Five: From books of Qing Dynasty it says that from the Song Dynasty until the Qing Dynasty, the Shaolin temple was located in Xinningli in Fuqing.
Six: Some documents show that Xinningli is located in the northwest part of Fuqing. In the past Xinxingli belonged to Fuqing County. In 1910, Xinxingli changed its name to Liping, belonging to Dongzhang village. After the war in 1949, the name Dongzhang village was used. Xinxingli is a mountainous area and covers 65,000 square meters. Now the area Xinningli has been defined, the location of the temple can be found.
Seven:Maps of many dynasties shows that Shaolin temple is situated in Xinningli of Fuqing. One can find Xinningli on a lot of old maps. So there can be no doubt that Shaolin temple was located in Xinningli.
Liu Kezhuang, an artist and poet of the Song Dynasty mentioned Shaolin in one of his works.
He mentioned masters of Shaolin: Master Decheng and Shi Runzhao. He said that Master Decheng was the only one who was mentioned in the works of the Song Dynasty.
In addition, from Song Dynasty to late Ming Dynasty, there are a lot of poems and books about Shaolin in Fuqing.
Eight:In one of the historical records of Fuqing City, Xinran, of the masters of Shaolin was mentioned. He was born in 1680 and died in 1745 and is buried in one of the pagoda’s in Songshan Shaolin. Him being buried in Shaolin’s cemetery means that he was a Shaolin monk.
Nine:The layout of the Songshan temple is very similar to the ruins found in Fuqing.
Ten:Local customs are often related to religion. The book here (called “Invitations”), lists names of all the fairies and gods which local people offer sacrifices to. As it turned out, there were name of Shaolin masters in the list. People still offer sacrifices toe them although the temple had disappeared long ago. The book also tells about the Shaolin temple and also has the exact location in it. The description of the temple turned out to be very valuable and was in accordance with other historical records. In addition, there are a lot of places which contain the name ‘Shaolin’, such as Shaolin village, Shaolin bridge, Shaolin road etc.
Shaolin Ancient Bridge:
Shaolin monks build four roads and those roads included bridges. Though most of them were destroyed, one can still read out the characters for Shaolin on the bridges.
The relics found underground.
From the year 1995 onwards, people found 5000 square meters of ruins and a lot of relics were dug up.
The temple has a size of 20,000 square meters and most of the relics found had the words Shaolin inscribed on it. People found 30 ancient coins of all dynasties and the ruins also showed that the temple was rebuild several times and relics from different dynasties were found.
All Departments, such as Religion, Chinese Martial Arts agree the Fuqing’s ruins were the Famous Nan Shaolin temple. The municipal Government of Fuqing made the decision to keep the the unearthed cultural relics and to rebuild the Nan Shaolin temple. They also want to it a beautiful garden for travelers.
The temple that will be rebuilt covers an area of 67,00 square meters (50,600 square yards) which will contain 16,300 square meters of buildings.The Song Dynasty-like structure will be adopted in building the key parts, such as the main gate and the main temple and the Qing Dynasty structure will be used in the rest of the buildings such as the Bell Tower, dining hall etc. The subsidiary buildings include: Shaolin nunnery, post office, Shaolin Old Bridge, Wushu school, hotel, parking lot, Wushu practicing ground etc. They will cost 50 million yuan RMB.
Mr Zhen Shuxiang, the consultant of the Singapore Sao Hua San Athletic Association together with other people, has been to Fuqing twice to do research on Shaolin town. He also organized the committee for ‘Rebuilding of Southern Shaolin’, which is funded by overseas Chinese. Fifteen Singaporean Chinese are member of the committee. The Sao Hua San Temple called on all its disciples to collect funds. With this money they will be responsible to build the entrance gate, the arch etc for the temple. They also invited calligrapher Qiu Shaohua, to inscribe for the temple.
On the left Zhen Shuxiang, outstanding disciple of Shaolin of the 51 generation,director of the research group. On the left Qiu Yuqing mayor of Fuqing City.
The committee for ‘Rebuilding of Southern Shaolin’ did all they could and collected some funds. In late 1998 the research group for ‘Rebuilding of Southern Shaolin’ went to Fuqing to hold a opening ceremony.
The research group was warmly greeted by the Fuqing governmental leaders.
On December fourth, the Fuqing Government organized a discussion conference together with Research Group. Many leaders gave speeches on the meeting and consultant Mr Qiu Shaoshan also did. The Research Group also visited the Huangji Temple, Shizhu Mountain and Xishan Wushu school and other places. They also gave many suggestions on education the Nan Shaolin disciples. The provincial and local government and the Bureau of Religion were happy to learn that the Committee would start the rebuilding of the temple as scheduled. The Research Group handed over the funds they collected to the government of Fuqing. Many TV reporters covered the event.
After that the Group visited ‘Shaolin Town’ and they were warmly welcomed by the local people. They also over viewed the exhibition and observed the ruins.
On March first, 1999 the Committee delegation came to Dongzhang village Shaolin town to attend the opening ceremony. First building to be build was the Daxion Baodian.
Main gate Fuqing temple.
(A very big thanks to Jeffery ‘Mini Boss’ Huo Jian for translating